Ubuntu Manual

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\marginnote{While modern graphical \glspl{desktop environment} have generally replaced early command-line interfaces, the command line can still be a quick and efficient way of performing many tasks. See \chaplink{ch:advanced-topics} for more information, and \chaplink{ch:the-ubuntu-desktop} to learn more about \gls{GNOME} and other desktop environments.} Linux was designed from the ground up with security and hardware compatibility in mind, and is currently one of the most popular \Index{Unix}-based operating systems. One of the benefits of Linux is that it is incredibly flexible and can be configured to run on almost any device\dash from the smallest micro-computers and cellphones to larger super-computers. \Index{Unix} was entirely command line-based until graphical user interfaces (\glspl{GUI}) began to emerge in the early 1990s.
 
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Located in ./frontmatter/prologue.tex :74
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\marginnote{Ubuntu 12.04 has an emphasis on ``social from the start'' and features social network integration in the desktop for sites like Twitter and Facebook.} Initially, you may notice many similarities between Ubuntu and other operating systems such as Microsoft Windows or Mac \acronym{OS X}. This is because they are all based on the concept of a graphical user interface (\gls{GUI})\dash \ie, you use your mouse to navigate the desktop, open applications, move files, and perform most other tasks. In short, things are visually-oriented. This chapter is designed to help you become familiar with various applications and menus in Ubuntu so that you become confident in using the Ubuntu \acronym{GUI}. \screenshot{02-1204-desktop.png}{ss:blank-desktop}{The Ubuntu 12.04 default desktop.}
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :17
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\marginnote{To read more about other variants of Ubuntu, refer to \chaplink{ch:learning-more}.} In Linux distributions (such as Ubuntu), there are a number of desktop environments available. Ubuntu uses \application{Unity} as the default desktop environment. After installing and logging in to Ubuntu, you will see the \application{Unity} desktop. This initial view is comprised of the \seclink{sec:desktop-background} and two \emph{bars}\dash one is horizontally located at the top of your desktop and appropriately named \seclink{sec:top-bar}, and the other bar is vertically oriented at the far left, called \menu{the Launcher}.
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :31
271.
Below the top bar is an image that covers the entire desktop. This is the default desktop background, or wallpaper, belonging to the default Ubuntu 12.10 theme known as \emph{Ambiance.} To learn more about customizing your desktop (including changing your background), see the section on \seclink{sec:customizing-desktop} below.
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :35
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The top bar
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :56
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desktop!top bar
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :56
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Run the application you want to add to the Launcher, right-click on the application's icon on the Launcher, and select \dropdown{Keep in the Launcher}.
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :87
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The Dash is an extremely powerful tool and allows you to search your entire system for applications and filenames based on search terms.
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :103
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Workspaces are also known as virtual desktops. These separate views of your desktop allow you to group applications together, and by doing so, help to reduce clutter and improve desktop navigation. In one workspace, you can open all of your media applications; your office suite in another, and your web browser open in a third workspace. Ubuntu has four workspaces by default.
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :121
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To move a window to a different workspace, make sure the window isn't maximized. If it is maximized, click on the right-most button on the left side of the title bar to restore it to its original size. Then right-click on the window's title bar and select:
 
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Located in ./ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-desktop.tex :161
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Contributors to this translation: 65GYgzf, Adnane Belmadiaf, Alexandre Franke, Alexandre Touret, Anne017, Anthony Chaput, Bruno, ButterflyOfFire, Carsten Gerlach, Claudia, Cob @FPGLaurent, Cyberscooty, Emmanuel Sunyer, Enrico Rosina, Geode, Ghislain Vaillant, Grégoire Seux, Guillaume F, Gérard Duteil, Ir0nsh007er, Jacques DAFFLON, Jean-Marc, Kevin Godby, Loic Treyvaud, Marie-Claude Fleury, Moez Bouhlel, Ngassam Nkwenga, Nizar Kerkeni, Pierre Dinh-van, Pierre Slamich, Roms, SADEG Omar, Stanislas Michalak, Sylvie Gallet, Séverin Lemaignan, Tubuntu, Val-libre, Vincent Sarrazy, YannUbuntu, electroluth, gisele perreault, hoffman, jean-bernard marcon, manu, simon.