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188.

On the right side of this panel you will find the \emph{notification area}, which is similar in function to the ``system tray'' in Windows, or the ``menu extras'' area on the Mac \acronym{OS~X} menubar. Next to this is the \gls{MeMenu}, which will display your username (the name you entered during installation) and is used to update social network sites like Twitter and Facebook as well as set your Instant Messaging status in \application{Empathy}. Finally, on the far right of the panel is the session menu, which provides menu options for locking your computer, logging out, restarting, or shutting down completely.

204.

In between the top and bottom panels is an image that covers the entire desktop. This is the desktop background (often referred to as your ``wallpaper''), and the one you see in front of you belongs to the default Ubuntu 10.04 theme known as \emph{Ambiance.} To learn more about customizing your desktop including changing your background, see the section on \seclink{sec:customizing-desktop} below.

206.

When you open a program in Ubuntu (such as a web browser or a text editor\dash see \chaplink{ch:default-applications} for more information on using programs), a \emph{window} will appear on your desktop. If you have used another operating system before, such as Microsoft Windows or Mac \acronym{OS~X}, you are probably familiar with the concept of a ``window''\dash the box that appears on your screen when you start a program. In Ubuntu, the top part of a window (the \emph{titlebar}) will have the title of the window in the center, and three buttons in the top left corner. From left to right, these buttons \emph{close}, \emph{minimize}, and \emph{maximize} the window. Additionally, you can right-click anywhere on the titlebar for a list of other window management options.

209.

To \emph{close} a window, click on the ``$\times$'' in the upper left corner of the window\dash this will be the first button. Immediately to the right of this is a downward-pointing arrow that is used to \emph{minimize} the window to the bottom panel of your desktop. Once minimized the window will no longer be visible, however, its corresponding button in the bottom panel will remain, indicating the program is still running in the background. Clicking this button will \emph{restore} the window to its original position. Finally, the button to the far right of the titlebar will \gls{maximize} the window, making it fill the entire screen. Clicking this button again will return the window to its original size.

225.

\marginnote{\emph{Instant messaging} (\acronym{IM}) is a means of text-based communication where you can hold a conversation with someone over the Internet, instantly.} The \menu{Internet} sub-menu is where you will find the \application{Firefox} web browser, the \application{Empathy} Instant Messenger client to allow you to talk to your friends and family, and \application{Ubuntu One}, a program that allows you to sync and backup your files across many different computers.

265.

\textit{Toolbar:} The toolbar has tools for navigation and a tool to make the contents of the window larger or smaller. A drop-down list gives you the option of switching the view from \menu{Icon View} to \menu{List View} or \menu{Compact View}. The search icon (which looks like a magnifying glass) open a field so you can search for a file by name.

267.

\textit{Additional Navigation Tools:} Just below the toolbar, you will see a representation of where you are currently browsing. This is similar to the history function of most browsers; it keeps track of where you are and allows you to backtrack if necessary. You can click on the locations to navigate back through the file browser.

268.

The \textit{left pane} of the file browser has shortcuts to commonly-used folders. When you bookmark a folder, it appears in the left pane. No matter what folder you open, the left pane will always contain the same folders. This left pane can be changed to display different features by clicking the down arrow beside ``Places'' near the top.

281.

To move a file or folder, select the item you want to move then click \menu{Edit \then Cut}. Navigate to your desired location, then click \menu{Edit \then Paste}.\marginnote{In the Nautilus \button{Edit} menu, you will also find the \button{Copy To} and \button{Move To} buttons. These can be used to copy or move items to common locations, and can be useful if you are using \textbf{panes} (see below). Note that it is unnecessary to use \button{Paste} when using these options.} As with the copy command above, you can also perform this action using the right-click menu, and it will work for multiple files or folders at once. An alternative way to move a file or folder is to click on the item, and then drag it to the new location.

294.

An alternative way of hiding the panel is to do so manually. Clicking on \button{Show hide buttons} will add a button to each side of the panel that can be used to hide it from view. By default these buttons will display directional arrows, however, you can select the \button{Arrows on hide buttons} option to remove the arrows and just have plain buttons. Clicking one of these \emph{hide buttons} on the panel will slide it across the screen and out of view, leaving just the opposite hide button in sight which you can click to bring it back. \marginnote{By default, Ubuntu requires that you maintain at least one panel on the desktop. If you prefer a Microsoft Windows feel, a panel at the bottom of the desktop can be set to start programs as well as select between open windows. Alternatively, if you prefer a Mac \acronym{OS~X} look you can keep a panel at the top and add an applications dock such as \application{Docky}, \application{Avant Window Navigator} (\acronym{AWN}), or \application{Cairo-Dock}. These are all available in the \application{Ubuntu Software Center}, which is discussed further in \chaplink{ch:software-management}.} The \button{Background} tab in the Panel Properties window allows you to change the appearance of the panel. By default, this is set to \button{None (use system theme)}, meaning that your desktop theme will dictate the appearance of the panel (we will look at how to change your desktop theme below). If you prefer, you can choose your own panel color by selecting the \button{Solid color} button, then opening the color select window. You can also set the panel transparency using the slider. Alternatively, you can click the \button{Background image} button if you have an image or pattern stored on your computer that you would like to use as your panel background. Use the file selector to locate the background image in your computer, then click \button{Open} to apply the change.